Antiaricraft Common: These projectiles are similar in construction to H.C. projecti-les, except that a nose time or V.T. fuze is always assembled. It can be used for antiair-craft fire or, with the time fuze set on safe, used for bombardement. Characteristics:

Over-all color

Sizes

Explosive filling

Load factor

Fuzing

Nose time or V.T. fuze. Auxiliary detonating fuze. No-delay base detonating fuze

Antiaircraft: These projectiles vary from Antiaircraft Common in that no base deto-nating fuze is used. Characteristics:

Over-all color

Sizes

Explosive filling

Load factor

Fuzing

Nose time fuze, auxiliary detonating fuze

Illuminating: These projectiles are for illuminating targets by a parachute flare. Cha-racteristics:

Over-all color

Sizes

Explosive filling

Fuzing

Nose time delay fuze

The illuminating projectile is a thin case with a very small expelling charge just behind the fuze and an interior assembly of a star or candle with a parachute and a very lightly held base plug. Explosion of the expelling charge forecs out the base and the interior as-sembly.

When the nose time fuze functions, it ignites the black powder expelling charge, which in turn ignites the star or candle. The star or candle is a steel container in which is packed under heavy pressure an illuminating compound. The closed end of the star con-tainer is attached to the strand wires of a parachute. The parachute is carefully floded, and, with its strand wires, is rolled so that upon expulsion it opens, thereby suspending the candle or star. Because of the high velocity at which the projectile is traveling when ejection takes place, it is necessary to slow down the star-parachute assembly before the parachute becomes fully open. This is done by a center wire, one end of which secu-res the center of the parachute nearer to the star than when the parachute is in full re-lease and causes the parachute to spill air, thereby preventing too great an initial strain on the parachute. After the star has burned for a few seconds, the end of the center wire ie released from its point of attachment in the star can. This permits the parachute to open fully.

Window: Window projectiles are designed to be fired from naval vessels to disrupt enemy radar operations. The projectile may be used to provide a flase screen behind which our ships may maneuver or approach undetected, or to provide a false target for enemy radar. The projectile itself consists of an illuminating projectile body fitted with a nose time fuze and an expelling charge of black powder. Ignition of the expelling charge by the fuze discharges a payload of foil strips which form a reflecting cloud for radar beams. Characteristics:

Over-all color

Sizes

Filling

Fuzing

Nose time fuze

White Phosphorus (Smoke): Smoke projectiles are designed for shore bombardment purposes to produce a combination of screening, antipersonnel, and slight incendiary ef-fects. These projectiles may also be used at sea to provide a surface screen behind which vessels may maneuver undetected. The projectile consists of an illuminating pro-jectile body, fitted with a nose time fuze or point detonating fuze and black powder ex-pelling charge. The ingition of the expelling charge by a fuze discharges a number of white phosphorus filled steel tubes which ignite on contact with the air. Characteristics:

Over-all color

Sizes

Filling

Fuzing

Nose Time or point detonating fuze

V.T.-fuzed projectiles: These projectiles are specially cavitized to receive the long-stemmed V.T. fuzes. They contain no tracer or nose fuze adapter, and no base fuzes are used except with the 6"/47 H.C. Projectile Mk 34. In all others, the base is sealed with a gas-checked base fuze hole plug. Other than V.T. type nose fuzes may not be employed in these projectiles. New V.T. fuzed projectiles are being filled with Composition A. Cha-racteristics:

(with "V.T.-fuzed projectiles")

Color

Sizes

Filling

Target projectiles: These projectiles are inexpensive prodructions, with ballistics traits similar to the A.P. projectiles of their caliber. They are unfuzed and contain no ex-plosive. One some types, a dye is loaded into the windshield, which on impact with the water is funneled out and spread through the water splash, thus distinguishing the origin of the salvo.

Over-all color

Sizes

Gas: The same type of projectile that is used for the smoke round may be loaded with gas for chemical warfare.

Limited-use types: These are summarized in column 2 of this page.

Field and bombardement: These projectiles were designed for field use or shore bom-bardment. They carry point detonating fuzes.

Shrapnel: Shrapnel projectiles contain steel balls which are expelled from a shrapnel case by means of a small charge of explosive, the case remaining intact. These projec-tiles are obsolecent.

Flat nose: Flat nose projectiles are for use against submarines, and are designed to prevent ricocheting on water impact. These projectiles are obsolescent.

Tracer: These are special projectiles designed solely to leave a visible trace in the daytime. They do not have bursting charges. These are obsolecent.

Proof shot: These are special projectiles designed not to ricochet on water impact and are for use in proving-ground work. It is not contemplated that more of these pro-jectiles will be procured when the present stocks are exhausted.

"Pounder": These are for Coast Guard guns.