The shell is of the base ejection type and is of conventional design. The filled shell with fuze weighs approximately 20 lb. 6 oz. and its overall length is 15.57 inches. It is fitted with two driving bands and is painted a light green with a black tip immediately below the fuze. The shell is not cannelure for the attachment of the case. The shell examined was stencilled in white "rdf VI 41". The fuze Zt.Z. S/60 n.A. Zn. is described as a separate item in this pamphlet.

The shell body is formed with a diaphragm at the head end which is bored centrally and screwthreaded to receive a primer. The The recess above the diaphragm is screwthrea-ded to receive the fuze which is secured by a grub screw.

The primer is a hollow screwed brass plug, approximately 0.4 inches internal diameter, with a small hole approximately 0.15 inches in diameter in the base. It contains a per-forated gunpowder pellet weighing 0.6 drams resting on a disc of tinfoil. The plug is clo-sed by a tinfoil disc secured by a brass washer approxima-tely 0.3 inches internal diame-ter.

The ejector charge, accommodate immediately below the diaphragm, consists of two cir-cular bags approximately 3.5 inches in diameter, one is of red shalloon, quilted and stit-ched to the second which is of white flannel. Both brass contain a total of approximately 13 1/2 drams of gunpowder.

The baffle plate is dome-shaped and has a circumferential shoulder formed on its upper edge. It is accommodate, dome upwards, immediately below the ejector charge. The plate is bored with four equidistant holes which communicate between the ejector charge and the star chamber.

A perforated steel ring above a cupped cardboard washer is fitted between the shoulder of the plate and a shoulder at the head of the shell cavity.

Four lengths of quickmatch transfer the flash from the ejector charge to ignite the star. One end of the quickmatch is secured by wax in each of the holes of the baffle plate whilst the other end is secured by wax in the priming pellet in the star.

The star consists mainily of a steel cylinder, steel disc, bolt, swivel, asbestos fire tube, steel washer, cardboard washer, nut, priming composition and star composition.

The cylinder is closed at the base end by a steel disc which is screwthreaded to receive the bolt and partly closed at the top by a steel supporting washer and a cardboard was-her.

The bolt head supports the swivel, and is screwthreaded under the head to suit the steel disc. The bolt is passed through the centre of the star which is lined with an asbestos fibre tube and is secured by its nut to the steel supporting washer.

The star composition, weighing approximately 2.2 lb., consists of two cylindrical pellets with a central perforation through which the bolt passes. The first 0.1 inch of the pellet, at the open end, consists of composition mixed with grained gunpowder. This is primed by means of four pellets, each weighing 1.5 grams, surrounding the ends of the quick-match. Beneath each pellet is a conical hole containing 0.2 grams of loose priming com-position.

The star has a time of burning, at rest, of approximately 23 seonds, and a light intensity of approximately 375,000 candles.

The parachute is 22 inches in diameter and has a vent 2 inches in diameter at the top. It consists of eight sections of flax fabric sewn together and reinforced along the seams by means of linen tape. Two other circular bands of tape strengthen the parachute, one around the circumference and the other about 3 inches from the circumference.

There are eight shrouds consisting of four lengths of steel cable, which are looped through the swivel attached to the star, so that the shrouds diametrically opposite are continuous cable. Each end is passed through a steel eyelet in the circumference of the parachute where it is knotted and then passes through five more eyelets situated in the radial stem of the parachute. Another steel cable extends from the swivel to the vent of the parachute where it is tied to the crossed cable. Other steel cables are passed along the circular strengthening tapes in the parachute and are knotted to the radial cables where these crossed.

The parachute is accommodate in two steel collar segments which line the shell cavity. The segments support the star container. A cupped cardboard washer is inserted bet-ween the parachute and star container.

The base of the shell is closed by a steel plug with a shoulder which fits against an in-ternal shoulder in the shell cavity. It is secured by four equidistant radial copper shear pins. The shearing of these pins by rotational action is prevented by three steel twisting pins inserted longitudinally between the rim of the plugs and the shell body. The base of the plug is bored centrally and screwthreaded to enable a tracer to be fitted.

The ignition of the ejection charge is initated by the fuze through the primer. Pressure set up on the baffle plate is transmitted through the star cylinder and parachute pro-jecting segments to the base plug  thereby causing the shearing pins to break and the whole to be ejected. At the same time, the quickmatch is ignited and after a short inter-val which allows time for the parachute to open, ignition of the star composition takes place.

Fig. 13