The name "Granate", abbrevated to "Gr." or "gr." is used for all types of projectiles (shot or shell), mortar bombs and rifle or hand grenades. The letter "W" precedes the abbriva-tion ("Wgr.") in the designation of mortar bombs, and "I" ("Igr.") for infantery gun shells.

With gun or howitzer projectiles the nature of the projectile is indicated by a prefix to the word "granate" or to the abbrevation "gr." and with all types of projectiles, etc., the model number is normally included in the designation as a suffix. The model number is an important part of the designation in the case of piercing projectiles, as without this it is impossible, without examination, to differentiate between shot and shell or between cap-ped and uncapped piercing shell. The model number are not common to the various calib-res for other natures.

The following are typical designations from package labels, bursting charge containers, etc.:–

The word "rot" included in the designation indicates the presence of a tracer in the shell.

Piercing shot and shell are painted black. In some instances only the head or cap is painted.

H.E. shell (excepting naval and anti-aircraft types), smoke shell, anti-concrete shell and hollow charge shell are painted a deep olive green. This is a darker shade than the British service green.

3.7 cm shell with a two-compartment cavity, one filled H.E. and the other filled tracing composition, are painted aluminium colour with a yellow band midway between the driving band and fuze-hole.

Projectiles of the later types are sometimes painted white. This colour appear-ance be used for projectiles in the experimental stage supplied for trial by the Army in the field.

Band markings are ?????? common use except for a red band above the driving band which ??????? on some shell fitted with tracers, and the yellow band on the 3.7 cm alu-minium coloured, H.E., tracer shell.

The following details stencilling on projectiles are arranged in the sequence in which the markings are normally found, commencing at the head or ballistic cap of the projectiles:–

The stencilling "??? Hbgr." in black on the ballistic cap of an H.E. B.C. shell indi-cates the use of a nose fuze under the ballistic cap.

The stencilling "R" followed by a number or, alternatively the stencilling "MR" in black near the tip of the shell, indicates the presence of a smoke box.

The nature of filling of H.E. and hollow charge shell, other than naval types, is indicated by Arabic numerals stencilled in black on the head of the shell just below the fuze hole. The following markings are used:–

The place and date of the filling of the projectile, followed by a work-mark, are indicated by stencilling in black at the shoulder of the projectile. The place is given in the form of an abbreviation somewhat similar to the British "Station monogram" e.g., "Ln 2.12.30 Kl."

Roman numerals stencilled in black near the shoulder of the projectile indicate the classification of the projectile for weight. The sytem appears to be similar to the "unit system" used for separate loading shell for field equibments in the British service. Projectiles marked "III" are apparently within the "dead weight limits", "II" and "I" indicate lighter and "IV" and "V" heavier projectiles. The stencilling is in 1.2 inch nume-rals for calibres up to 21 cm and in 2 inch numer-als for larger calibres.

In the following instances the type of shell, and to some extent the nature of filling is indicated by 2.4 inch letters stencilled at two positions round the shell midway between the driving band and shoulder:–

Light case shell of pressed steel with a corresponding large bursting charge ca-pacity are stencilled "Bo" in 1 inch lettering midway between the driving band and shoulder.

Cast steel shell are stencilled "Stg" in black 2.4 inch lettering at a short distan-ce above the driving band.

The letters "KPS" stencilled in white or red above the driving band indicate a driving band of the bi-metal type, iron covered with copper. The place and date of assembly, followed by a work-mark, are stencilled in 0.4 inch black or red lettering above the driving band, e.g., "Lr 4.6 40 L".

Fig. 14 gives the normal positions and significance of stampings on projectiles.